hydrophobic

hydrophobic literally means fear of water and is used when surfaces repel water due to nanometer roughness and low surface tension.

Hydrophobicity is one of the surface physical properties of a material. Due to their micrometer and nanometer surface roughness, hydrophobic materials do not allow water to spread or absorb on the surface, and therefore cause water to drip and slide.

Another reason for hydrophobic surfaces is their low surface tension and slippery surface.

Hydrophobic molecules are non-polar and therefore have a tendency to other non-polar molecules and solvents. On the other hand, water on hydrophobic surfaces has a very large contact angle and forms spherical drops. Examples of hydrophobic molecules include petroleum, alkenes, olefins, and fats. Hydrophobic materials are used in industry as grease cleaners (along with degreasing materials), oil-water separators, and to remove non-polar particles from polar surfaces.

Chemical analysis

According to the principles of thermodynamics, particles tend to lower energy levels. Water is a polar molecule and one of its amazing features is that it has the ability to form hydrogen bonds. But hydrophobic molecules cannot bond with water molecules due to non-polarity and lack of hydrogen bond formation. (such as the non-polar C-H bonds of the hydrocarbon chains of fatty acids) as a result, they are separated to the point where the water molecules create a relatively strong hydrogen bond together, the collision surfaces between the two types of molecules are minimized and the separation phenomenon is created.

contact angel

A drop of liquid on a solid surface surrounded by air pressure. The contact angle, θC, is the angle between the three phases of liquid, solid and gas (air).

The contact angle in the hydrophobic-hydrophilic topic is the angle that the last edge of a liquid makes with its bottom surface. The larger this angle (in the figure θC), the greater the hydrophobicity ratio between the two materials; For example, a drop of water on a lotus leaf assumes a more spherical volume and creates a wider angle.

The wider this angle is, the lower the possibility of the surface getting wet, to the point where, for example, a drop of water on a lotus leaf creates an angle of about 150 degrees. Today, more than in the past, this phenomenon is used to make waterproof fabrics.

Lotus Plus solution, using its unique formulation, in addition to having high water repellency, makes surfaces shiny like car wax and protects them from sunlight and harmful environmental factors.